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The present methods available for determining these properties of fresh concrete are operator sensitive and thus, the properties for same mix of concrete made under same conditions will vary depending upon the workmanship. Even the IS code suggests different methods for different workability and different placing condition. Thus, more judicious methods for determining the physical properties of fresh concrete are required. This seminar consists of such methods for determining the physical properties of concrete viz. shear stress and viscosity. In addition to this the research carried out by various researchers in the field of rheology of concrete has been studied such as the comparison of various types of rheometers, the use of rheometers and workability boxes, rheological properties of self-compacting concrete, rheological properties of ultra high performance concrete and the various types of rheogarphs has been studied.

Keywords : concrete, shear stress, rheology, rheometer, rheograph, workability

Recent

[1] M. A. Noor and T. Uomoto, “Rheology of high Flowing mortar and concrete - Materials' and Structures”, Vol. 37, pp 513-521, October (2004). [2] Flora Faleschini, Cristian jimenez, Marilada Barra, “Rheology of fresh concretes with recycled aggregates”, Construction and Building Materials 73 (2014) 407–416 (2014). [3] Ionnis P, Efstros G. Bado, “Rheological and mechanical characteristics of self-compacting concrete mixtures containing Metakaolin”, Construction and Building Materials 64 (2014) 121–129 (2014). [4] F. Mahmoodzadeh, S.E. Chidiac, “Rheological models for predicting plastic viscosity and yield stress of fresh concrete” - Cement and Concrete Research 49 1–9, (2013). [5] H. H. C. Wong and A. K. H. Kwan, “Rheology of Cement Paste: Role of Excess Water to Solid Surface Area Ratio” - Journal of materials in civil -engineering 20:189 -197. © ASCE / February (2008) [6] Lin Shen, Hamed Bahrami, “Effects of Aggregate Properties and Concrete. Rheology on Stability Robustness of Self-Consolidating Concrete”- Journal of materials in civil engineering 27. © ASCE (2015) [7] OlafurWallevik, Jon Wallevik, “Rheology as a tool in concrete science: The use of rheogarphs and workability boxes”, (2010). [8] R. Zerbino, B. Barraga, T. Garcia, “Workability test and rheological parameters self-compacting concrete” -Materials and Structures 42:947–960, (2009). [9] Fouad Faroug, JanuszSzwabowSski, and Stan Wild, “Influence of Super plasticizers on workability of concrete” - Journal of materials in civil engineering / 11:151-157. May (1999). [10] M. S. Shetty, Concrete Technology. [11] Banfill P.F.G, “The rheology of fresh cement andconcrete”,11th International Cement Chemistry Congress, Durban, (2003).

Accumulation of growing population especially in developing countries has resulted in an increased height of buildings, this need creating impact on structural development of tall building. As building increases in height there is effect of wind and earthquake forces, to increase stiffness of building against lateral load additional structural system such as belt truss and outriggers is required. This paper presents the review of various techniques and methods used to investigate uses of belt truss and outrigger system in a tall building. The various parameters like lateral displacement, storey drift, core moment and optimum position related to outrigger and belt truss are reviewed. The reviewed approach for the design and development of tall building using outrigger and belt truss is useful to provide a potential solution. The study in turn is useful for various research persons involved in design the tall buildings by using outrigger and belt truss system.

Keywords : Tall Building, Outrigger, Belt Truss, Optimum Position, Lateral Displacement, Storey Drift

Recent

[1] Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat, www.ctbuh.org [2] Ali sherif s. rizk (2010) Structural design of reinforced concrete tall buildings, CTBHU Journal, Issue 1, 43-41. [3] Mir M. Ali, Kyoung Sun Moon (2007) Structural developments in tall buildings: Current trends and future prospects, Architectural Science Review, Volume 50, No. 3, 205-223. [4] Subhashini S. Ramteke, Dr. S. P. Raut (2015) Pushover analysis and seismic retrofitting using shear walls and bracing system of frame structure, International Journal of Modern Trends In Engineering and Research, Volume 02, Issue 04,50-59. [5] O. Esmaili S. Epackachi M. Samadzad and S.R. Mirghaderi (2008) Study of structural RC shear wall system in a 56-story RC tall building, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China [6] Shi Qingxuan, Yang Kun, Men Jinjie, Wang Qiuwei (2008) Review of seismic research and application of concrete core walls in high-rise buildings, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China. [7] Kyoung Sun Moon (2015) Structural design and construction of complex-shaped tall buildings, International Journal of Engineering and Technology, Volume 7, No. 1,30-35. [8] S. Fawzia, A. Nasir, T. Fatima (2011) Study of effectiveness of outrigger system for high rise composite buildings for cyclonic region, World Academy of Science Engineering and Technology, volume 5, 12-29. [9] J. Kim, Y. Jun and J. Park (2010) Performance of building structures with outrigger trusses subjected to loss of a column, 2nd Specialty Conference on Disaster Mitigation, Winnipeg, Manitoba. [10] Kwangryang Chung, Wonil Sunu (2015) Outrigger systems for tall buildings in Korea, International General Of High-Rise Buildings, Volume 4, No. 3, 209-217. [11] Jaehong Lee, Minsik Bang, Jae-Yeol Kim (2008) an Analytical model for high-rise wall-frame structures with outriggers, The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 17, 839–851. [12] Kiran Kamath, Avinash A. R., Sandesh Upadhyaya K.(2013) A study on the performance of multi-outrigger structure subjected to seismic loads, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 27-32. [13] Kiran Kamath, N. Divya, Asha U Rao (2012) A study on static and dynamic behavior of outrigger structural system for tall buildings, Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science, Volume 2, No. 4, 15-20. [14] S. Fawzia and T. Fatima (2010) Deflection control in composite building by using belt truss and outriggers systems, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Volume 4, 12-22. [15] Po Seng Kian, Frits Torang Siahaan (2001) The use of outrigger and belt truss system for high-rise concrete buildings, Dimensi Teknik Sipil, Volume 3, No. 1, 36-41. [16] P.M.B. Raj Kiran Nanduri, B.Suresh, MD. Ihtesham Hussain (2013) Optimum position of outrigger system for high-rise reinforced concrete buildings under wind and earthquake loadings, American Journal of Engineering Research, Volume-02, Issue-08, 76-89. [17] Nair R. S. (1998) Belt trusses and basements as virtual outriggers for tall buildings, Engineering Journal AISC, Fourth Quarter, 140-146. [18] N. Herath, N. Haritos, T. Ngo & P. Mendis (2009) Behavior of outrigger beams in high rise buildings under earthquake loads, Australian Earthquake Engineering Society Conference. [19] Abdul Karim Mulla, Srinivas B. N (2015) A study on outrigger system in a tall RC structure with steel bracing, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, Volume 4, Issue 07, 551-557. [20] Mohd Irfan Moinuddin, MohdAfroz Khan (2010) Structural design of reinforced concrete tall buildings, International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, Volume 2, No.1, 628 – 633. [21] Shivacharan K, Chandrakala S, Narayana G, Karthik N (2015) Analysis of outrigger system for tall vertical irregularities structures subjected to lateral loads, IJRET, Volume 04, Issue 05, 84-88. [22] Krunal Z. Mistry, Proff. Dhruti J. Dhyani (2015) Optimum outrigger location in outrigger structural system for high rise building, International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development, Volume 2, Issue 5, 266-275. [23] Roslida Abd. Samat, Nasly Mohd. Ali, Abdul Kadir Marsono (2008) The optimum location of outrigger in reducing the along-wind and across-wind responses of tall buildings, Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering, 20(2), 223 – 241. [24] Abbas Haghollahi, Mohsen Besharat Ferdous, Mehdi Kasiri (2012) Optimization of outrigger locations in steel tall buildings subjected to earthquake loads, The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisboa. [25] Gerasimidis S., Efthymiou E. & Baniotopoulos C., (2009) Optimum outrigger locations of high-rise steel buildings for wind Loading, EACWE 5 Florence, Italy. [26] RaduHulea, Bianca Parv, Monica Nicoreac, Bogdan Petrina (2014) Optimum design of outrigger and belt truss systems using genetic algorithm, Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Volume 8, No. 6, 709-715. [27] Z. Bayati, M. Mahdikhani and A. Rahaei (2008) Optimized use of multi-outriggers system to stiffen tall buildings, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China. [28] T. A. Sakr, Hanaa E. Abd-El- Mottaleb (2014) Parameters affecting the elasto-plastic behavior of outrigger braced walls to earthquakes, International Journal of Civil, Environmental, Structural, Construction and Architectural Engineering Volume 8, No. 07, 707-893. [29] MSc. Rafael Shehu (2015) Ductility of outrigger typologies for highrise structures, Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Volume 12, Issue 2, 34-41. [30] J.C.D. Hoenderkamp (2011) Preliminary design of high-rise shear wall with outriggers and basement fin walls on non-rigid foundation, 36th Conference on Our World in Concrete & Structures, Singapore. [31] Mohd Abdus Sattar, Sanjeev Rao, Madan Mohan, Dr. Sreenatha Reddy (2014) Deflection control in high rise building using belt truss and outrigger systems, International Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Management, Volume 03, No. 06, 44 – 53. [32] M. R. Jahanshahi, R. Rahgozar, M. Malekinejad (2012) A simple approach to static analysis of tall buildings with a combined tube-in tube and outrigger-belt truss system subjected to lateral loading, IJE, Volume 25, No. 3, 289-299. [33] Reza Rahgozar, Ali Reza Ahmadi, Yasser Sharifi (2010) A study for the optimum location of outriggers for high-rise concrete buildings, Applied Mathematical Modeling, 2437–2451. [34] M. Nicoreac, J.C.D. Hoenderkamp (2012) Periods of vibration of braced frames with outriggers, Procedia Engineering 40, 298 – 303. [35] Ahsan Mohammed Khan, K. Mythili, Shaik Subhani Shareef (2014) Response of lateral system in high rise building under seismic loads, International Journal of Research and Innovation, Volume I, Issue II, 8-14. [36] M. R. Jahanshahi, R. Rahgozar (2013) Optimum location of outrigger-belt truss in tall buildings based on maximization of the belt truss strain energy, International Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Management, IJE Transactions A: Basics Volume 26, No. 7, 693-700. [37] Pudjisuryadi, P., Lumantarna, B., Tandya, H., and Loka (2012) Ductility of a 60-story shearwall frame-belt truss (virtual outrigger) building, Civil Engineering Dimension, Volume 14, No. 1, 19-25. [38] Y. Zhou, S.M. Lin, C.X. Wu & X.S. Deng (2015) Analysis of high-rise building with energy-dissipation story system, The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, LISBOA. [39] Eltobgy, H. H., Nabil, A., Bakhoum, M. M. (2013) Effect of Belt Truss Systems on the Enhancement of Progressive Collapse of Steel Buildings, The Third International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, Kyoto, Japan

In the present investigation, in the recent past human powered flywheel motor concept has been used for chaff cutter, bricks making, wood turning, cloth washing, turmeric polishing. The machine uses bicycle technology, with speed increasing gearing and a flywheel, which drive the process unit through a spiral jaw clutch and torque increasing gearing. The operator uses the pedal power to operate the machine and transmit this power through crank chain to free wheel to the working unit. This human powered flywheel motor concept (HPFM) provide new era in the human powered agriculture processing, harvesting, post harvested operations equipment’s. Considering social, cultural and environmental factor as well as in many rural operations utilizing unskilled worker and in Vidharbha rejoin there is more problem of electricity so this kind of HPFM concept is helpful in driving various rural machines. The machine is economically viable, can be adopted for human powered process units which could have intermitted operation without affecting the end product.

Keywords : Human power machine, turmeric polishing.

Recent

[1] David Gordon Wilson. 1986. Technical Reviewers, Understanding Pedal Power. Volunteers in Technical Assisstance (VITA) ,1815 North Lynn Street Suite 200, Arlington, Virginia, USA. [2] K. S. Zakiuddin, H. V. Sondawale, J. P. Modak., March 2012 Human Power: An Earliest Source of Energy and Its Efficient Use.Pratibha: International Journal Of Science, Spirituality, Business and Technologh (IJSSBT), Vol. 1, No.1ISSN (Print) 2277—7261. [3] Zakiuddin K.S., Modak J.P. 2010. Design and Development of the Human Energized Chaff Cutter.New York Science Journal. [4] Modak J.P. 1982. Manufacturing of lime fly ash sand bricks using a manually driven brick making machine. Project sponsored by Maharastra Housing and Area Development Authority(MHADA), Bombay, India. [5] Centre of Science for Villages (CSV), Centre of Science for Villages, Wardha ,Dattapur, Post Box Number 21, Wardha, Maharashtra PIN-442001 Phone- 07152-249542/250570 (office) Mobile--09890434003 EmailId-soham.ced@gmail.com

The demand of solar energy has increased rapidly in this decade. This is due to the advantages of the energy compared to other form of sources. The solar energy conversion system is very interesting alternative on supplement the electric system generation, due to the persistent cost reduction of the overall system and cleaner power generation. To obtain a stable voltage from an input supply (PV cells) that is higher and lower than the output, a high efficiency and minimum ripple DC-DC converter required in the system for residential power. Buck-boost converters make it possible to efficiently convert a DC voltage to either a lower or higher voltage. Buck-boost converters are especially useful for PV maximum power tracking purposes, where the objective is to draw maximum possible power from solar panels at all times, regardless of the load

Keywords : MPPT, Solar tracking, Microcontroller, Timer 555, DC-DC converter

Recent

Basic [1] Alam, M.S., A Roy Chowdhury and K.K. Islam, 1995, “Simulation of rural electrification impact on socio-economic system of Bangladesh: case study”, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Paper Presented in 39th Convention. [2] Sadrul Islam, A.K. M and D.G. Infield, 2001. “Photovoltaic Technology for Bangladesh”. Progressive Printers, Bangladesh. Books [3] Chetan Singh Solanki, Solar photovoltics [4] G.D.Rai, Nonconventional Energy Sources

Now a days the 'technology in embedded system' is rapidly change with advance feature which makes human life very convenient. Then system is developed using PIC18f2550 with LED handmade board which display notice on board by using hypertext terminal with cost effective method of advertising and convenient to display notice. One of most obvious is the drastic effect of LED display to capture attention to cause impulse reaction. Which gives good impression in front of people and crowd. Applications are developed with their real time application along with domestic application such as smart phones, smart televisions, smart refrigerators, so why not displays smart boards for advertisements and notices. So this project is developed with PIC18f2550 micro-controller. The micro-controller provides all the functionality to display notices. The display of led matrix is design using zero PCB on which 8x8 matrix is developed. A text message from a PC or keyboard is sent via serial cable to the micro-controller which is at receiving end. The message which is stored in EEPROM is than displayed on the LED dot matrix display board. This hardware uses 5V, 500mA power supply.

Keywords : Embedded systems, PIC18f2550, LED matrix, Serial Cable

Recent

[1] Adamu Murtala Zungeru1, Gbenga Daniel Obikoya2, Ochi Fortunatus Uche3, Taidi Eli4 International Journal of Computational Science, Information Technology and Control Engineering (IJCSITCE) Vol.1, No.3, October 2014. [2] Anuradha Mujumdar, Vaishali Niranjane, Deepika Sagne, Scrolling Led Display Using Wireless Transmission, 2014 IJEDR | Volume 2, Issue 1 | ISSN: 2321-9939 [3] A survey of light emitting diode(LED) display board. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 7(2), 185–188, February 2014. [4] Htet Htet Thit San, Chaw Myat Nwe and Hla Myo Tun, Implementation of PIC Based LED Displays, International Journal of Electronics and Computer Science Engineering, ISSN- 2277-1956. [5] GSM mobile phone based LED scrolling message display system. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology (ISSN: 2277-1581) Volume 2 Issue 3, PP: 149-155 1 April 2013 [6] Scrolling LED display using wireless transmission. © 2014 IJEDR | Volume 2, Issue 1 |ISSN: 2321-9939 IJEDR1401084 International Journal of Engineering Development and Research (www.ijedr.org) 475 [7] 1. Gupta H, Shukla P, Nagwekar A. GSM based LED scrolling Display Board. International journal of Students Research in Technology and Management.2013; 1(3):278–91. [8] Ketkar PU, Tayade KP, Kulkarni AP, Tugnayat RM. GSM Mobile Phone Based LED Scrolling Message Display System. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology. 2013; 2(3):149–55. Sooxma Technology. Android Controlled Scrolling LED Message Display. Hyderabad, India. Bin Zohedi FN. [9] Wireless electronic notice board. Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang; 2007. [10] Kumar P, Bharadwaj V, Pal K, Rathor NR, Mishra A. GSM based e-Notice Board: wireless communication. International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering. 2012; l–2(3):601–5.

Today’s many application rely on small devices that can interact with each other through communication network. In this project we are proposing two new methods for authenticating encrypted message that are directed to assemble the requirements of mobile application. In this applications, the integrity and confidentiality of communicated messages are required. To getting benefit of that fact that the messages to be authenticated must also be encrypted, we propose provably methods for safe authentication codes that are more efficient than any message authentication code. The key idea behind the proposed techniques is to exert the security that the encryption algorithm can provide to design more efficient authentication mechanisms, as opposed to using single authentication primitives.

Keywords : Authentication, unconditional security, computational security, universal hash-function families, pervasive computing.

Recent

[1] B. Alomair, A. Clark, and R. Poovendran, “The Power of Primes: Security of Authentication Based on a Universal Hash-Function Family, Journal of Mathematical Cryptology, vol. 4, no. 2, 2010. [2] IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING VOL:13 NO:3 YEAR 2014 Efficient Authentication for Mobile and Pervasive Computing Basel Alomair, Member, IEEE and Radha Poovendran, Senior Member, IEEE. [3] E. B. Kavun and T. Yalcin, “A Lightweight Implementation of Keccak Hash Function for Radio-Frequency Identification Applications, ” in Workshop on RFID Security–RFIDSec’10, 2010.

Key role of this paper is to modulate and simulate distance relays using MATLAB. Relays are utilized to protect electric power systems against trouble and power blackouts as well as to regulate and control the generation and distribution of power. The primary function of the protective relay is to sense the fault in the system ,is to protect standalone system from islanding ,such that the trip coil of the circuit-breaker is energized and the faulty section of the system is disconnected from the rest of the system

Keywords : Fault, Distance relay, islanding, arc resistance, reach

Recent

[1] Muhd Hafizi Idrisa, Surya Hardia , Mohd Zamri Hasan, “Teaching Distance Relay Using MATLAB/Simulink Graphical User Interface 2013”.Malaysian Technical Universities Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012, MUCET 2012. [2] Wu Guo-yang, Song Xin-li, Tang Yong, Zhong Wu-zhi, Liu Tao “Modeling of Protective Relay Systems for Power System Dynamic Simulations”, IEEE 2011. [3] fIA HengXu’’, ZHANG BaoHui “Study on Reactance Relays for Single Phase to Earth Fault on EHV Transmission Lines”, 2004 International Conference of Power System Technology - POWERCON 2004 Singapore, 21-24 November 2004. [4] Huanzhang Liu, Qiankuan Liu, Shaofeng Huang, and Qixun Yang “Phase-to-Phase Distance Relay Based on the Measured Impedance Trajectory”, IEEE 2007. [5] Auday A.H. Mohamad Al-Mansour University College Baghdad, Iraq Essar Gafer Ahmed Electrical Engineering Khartoum, Sudan “MATLAB-Simulink S-Function forModeling Digital MHO Distance Relay” International Conference on Computing, Control, Networking, Electronics and Embedded Systems Engineering, 2015

Vulnerability scanners are information security tools able to detect security weaknesses on hosts in a network. Secure hosts in a proactive manner. A proactive approach is considered to be better than reactive approaches followed by, for example, intrusion detection systems, because prevention is better than cure. There are many problems and disadvantages of currently available VSs, such as hampering system resources while conducting scans. This paper introduces a conceptual model for vulnerability forecasting. The model uses intelligent techniques to improve on the efficiency of currently available. The model aims to do vulnerability forecasting specifically by predicting the number of known vulnerabilities that will occur in the near future by using intelligent techniques and vulnerability history data. The model is tested by means of a prototype and an evaluation of the model's results is also provided in the paper.

Keywords : Hacking, Hacker, Ethical Hacking, Penetration Testing, Information Security.

Recent

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Baseline_Security_Analyzer [2] http://blogs.microsoft.com/cybertrust/2012/10/22/microsoft-free-security-tools-microsoft-baseline-security-analyzer/ [3] http://www.tenable.com/products/nessus [4] http://www.rapid7.in/products/nexpose/ [5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nmap [6] http://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/Msfpayload [7] Liu, Bingchang; Shi, Liang; Cai, Zhuhua; Li, Min; “Software vulnerability Discovery Techniques: A Survey” IEEE Conference Publication, DOI: 10.1109/MINES.2012.202, Page(s) 152-156, 2012 [8] Smith, Yurick, Doss “Ethical Hacking” IEEE Conference Publication, DOI: 10.1147/sj.403.0769, Page(s): 769-780 [9] Bradley, Rubin “Computer Security Education and Research: Handle with care” IEEE Conference Publication, DOI: 10.1109/MSP.2006.146, Page(s): 56-59 [10] Nilsson J., 2006, “Vulnerability Scanners”, Master of Science in this paper at Department of Computer and System Sciences, Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden

The inability to control the infection of diabetic people, computer-aided automatic food detection system has wedged more attention now days. The food image processing is the most gifted tool is used for food identification. The key point extraction’s Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm is used to extract the key points from food image, which is used for building visual dictionary of visual words based on color using k-means clustering algorithm. Features can be grouped into separate classes, namely class I and class II using multi-label Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers such as SVMlinear, SVMrbf, SVMexp, PARZEN WINDOW and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) to identify the input image belongs to which class. Class I have diabetic patient’s eatable food images and Class II have diabetic patient’s not eatable food images. GLCM use contrast, correlation, energy and homogeneity parameters to measure various calories from food image for diabetic patients. Finally measure and compare the recognition accuracy for various classifiers. The recognition accuracy for various classifiers is used to prove the feasibility of the approach in a very huge food image dataset. This project is about consciousness on food particularly for diabetic patients.

Keywords : GLCM; SIFT; visual dictionary; SVM; PARZEN WINDOW, ANN.

Recent

[1] Richard D. Feinman, Wendy K. Pogozelski, Arne Astrup, Richard K. Bernstein, Eugene J. Fine. “Dietary Carbohydrate Restriction as The First Approach in Diabetes Management: Critical Review and Evidence Base”. Nutrition 31 (2015) 1-13. [2] Westman EC, Vernon MC, “Has Carbohydrate-Restriction Been Forgotten as A Treatment for Diabetes Mellitus? A Perspective On The ACCORD Study Design”. Nutrition Metab (Lond) 2008; 5:10. [3] Westman EC, Yancy WS Jr, Humphreys M, “Dietary Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus in The Pre Insulin Era (1914-1922)”. Perspect Biol Med 2006; 49:77–83. [4] C. E. Smart, K. Ross, J. A. Edge, C. E. Collins, K. Colyvas, And B. R. King, “Children And Adolescents On Intensive Insulin Therapy Maintain Postprandial Glycaemic Control Without Precise Carbohydrate Counting,” Diabetic Med.,Vol. 26, No. 3, Pp. 279–285, 2009. [5] F. Zhu, M. Bosch, I. Woo, S. Y. Kim, C. J. Boushey, D. S. Ebert, And E. J. Delp, “The Use of Mobile Devices In Aiding Dietary Assessment And Evaluation,” IEEE J. Sel. Topics Signal Process., Vol. 4, No. 4, Pp. 756–766, Aug. 2010. [6] M.Kanchana, M.Bharath, “Automatic Food Recognition System For Diabetic Patients,” International Journal For Innovative Research In Science & Technology., Volume.1, March 2015. [7] Marios M. Anthimopoulos, Lauro Gianola, Luca Scarnato, Peter Diem, And Stavroula G. Mougiakakou, “A Food Recognition System For Diabetic Patients Based On An Optimized Bag-Of-Features Model,” IEEE Journal Of Biomedical And Health Informatics, Vol. 18, No. 4, July 2014 [8] Parisa Pouladzadeh, Gregorio Villalobos, Rana Almaghrabi, Shervin Shirmohammadi,” A Novel SVM Based Food Recognition Method For Calorie Measurement Applications” IEEE International Conference On Multimedia And Expo Workshops 2012, DOI 10.1109/ICMEW.2012.92. [9] M.M. El-gayar, H. Soliman, N. meky, “A comparative study of image low level feature extraction algorithms”,Egyptian Informatics Journel (2013) 14, 175-181. [10] Tudor Barbu, “Unsupervised SIFT-based Face Recognition Using an Automatic Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering Solution” Elsevier, Procedia Computer Science 22 (2013) 385 – 394. [11] Ida Nurhaida, Ary Noviyanto, Ruli Manurung, Aniati M. Arymurthy, “Automatic Indonesian’s Batik Pattern recognitionusing SIFT Approach” Elsevier, Procedia Computer Science 59 (2015) 567 – 576 [12] Morteza Zahedi, Seyed Mahdi Salehi, “License Plate Recognition System Based on SIFT Features” Elsevier, Procedia Computer Science 3 (2011) 998–1002. [13] Frahling G, Sohler C, “A fast k-means implementation using corsets”, In: SCG ’06: Proceedings of the 22 annual symposium on computational geometry. New York, USA: ACM; 2006. p. 135–43. [14] Arthur D, Vassilvitskii S, “k-means++: the advantages of careful seeding”, In: SODA ’07: Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM-SIAM symposium on discrete algorithms. Philadelphia, USA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics; 2007. p. 1027–35. [15] Hailin C, Xiuqing W, Junhua H, “Adaptive k-means clustering algorithm”, MIPPR 2007. Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision, 2007. [16] D.Seles Ponrani, S.Nirmal Suveka, S.Kiran Brabha, “Performance Analysis of SVM to Measure Calorie and Nutrition from Food Images”, International Journal of Advanced Research Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJARTET)Vol. 1, Issue 3, November 2014. [17] J.Han, M.Kamber,“ Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques”, Elsevier, 2nd Edition:2006. [18] M. Chen, K. Dhingra, W. Wu, L. Yang, R. Sukthankar,J. Yang, “PFID: Pittsburgh fast-food image dataset”, Proceedings of International Conference on ImageProcessing:2009. [19] Aasima Rafiq, Hilal A Makroo,“Application of Computer Vision System in Food Processing-A Review”, Aasima Rafiqet al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 3, Issue 6, Nov- Dec 2013, pp.1197-120. [20] Unsang Park, Sharath Pankanti ,“Fingerprint Verification Using SIFT Features” ,SPIE Defense and Security Symposium, Orlando, Florida, 2008. [21] Ashwini D.Gadekar, Sheeja S. Suresh, “Face Recognition Using SIFT-PCA Feature Extraction and SVM Classifier”, IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing, Volume 5, Issue 2, Ver. II (Mar-Apr. 2015), PP 31-35, p-ISSN No. : 2319-4197. [22] Lowe, “Object recognition from local scale-invariant features”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision: 2, 1150–1157. [23] K.Ganesh Prabu, “A FOOD RECOGNITION SYSTEM FOR DIABETIC PATIENTS USING SVM CLASSIFIER”, International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science, Volume No.03, Special Issue No. 02, February 2015, [24] Ameet Joshi, Shewta Bapna, Sravanya Chunduri “Comparison Study of Different Pattern Classifiers” [25] Morteza Zahedi, Seyed Mahdi Salehi, “License Plate Recognition System Based on SIFT Features” Published by Elsevier Ltd. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.164. [26] Unsang Park, Sharath Pankanti, A. K. Jain, “Fingerprint Verification Using SIFT Features” SPIE Defense and Security Symposium, Orlando, Florida, 2008. [27] Yuchou Chang, D. J. Lee, Yi Hong, James Archibald, “Unsupervised Video Shot Detection Using Clustering Ensemble with a Color Global Scale-Invariant Feature Transform Descriptor” Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Volume 2008, doi:10.1155/2008/860743. [28] TAN Chunlin, WANG Hongqiao, PEI Deli, “SWF-SIFT Approach for Infrared Face Recognition” TSINGHUA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ISSNll1007-0214ll17/17llpp357-362 Volume 15, Number 3, June 2010. [29] R.Muralidharan, Dr.C.Chandrasekar, “Object Recognition using SVM-KNN based on Geometric Moment Invariant” International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology- July to Aug Issue 2011. [30] M.C.Jobin Christ, K.Sasikumar, and R.M.S.Parwathy, “Application of Bayesian Method in Medical Image Segmentation” TECHNIA – International Journal of Computing Science and Communication Technologies, VOL. 2, NO. 1, July 2009. [31] D.Seles Ponrani, S.Nirmal Suveka, S.Kiran Brabha, “Performance Analysis of SVM to Measure Calorie and Nutrition from Food Images” International Journal of Advanced Research Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJARTET) Vol. 1, Issue 3, November 2014. [32] Reza Entezari-Maleki, Arash Rezaei, Behrouz Minaei-Bidgoli, “Comparison of Classification Methods Based on the Type of Attributes and Sample Size” [33] S.V.N. Vishwanathan, M. Narasimha Murty, “SSVM: A Simple SVM Algorithm”

The World is facing crucial time for energy due to consumption of fossil fuels (natural gas, coal, and oil), rise in fuel price, and unacceptable environmental effect in recent years. Biomass is a renewable potential energy source which can reduces dependency on fossil fuels. Biomass is available in various forms throughout year in India. It accumulates solar energy by photosynthesis method from sunlight. Gasification is a chemical process that converts carbonaceous material such as biomass and coal into gaseous fuel or chemical feedstock. This gaseous fuel is known as producer gas or syngas which contains CO2, H2, CO, H2O, CH4 and N2 compounds. An attempt has been made to give basic idea about gasification, gasification mechanism, types of gasifier and characteristics of different biomass in this paper.

Keywords : Gasification, biomass, gasification mechanism, gasifier

Recent

[1] A Bhavanam, R C Sastry, “Modeling of solid waste gasification process for synthesis gas production”, Journal of Sci & Ind Reseach Vol 72 pp (611-616). [2] Akhilesh Kumar, Ravindra Randa, “Experimental Analysis of a Producer Gas Generated by a Chir Pine Needle (Leaf) in a Downdraft Biomass Gasifier,” ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 10(Part - 5), October 2014, pp.122-130. [3] Altafini CR, Wander PR, Barreto RM, “Prediction of the working parameters of a wood waste gasifier through an equilibrium model,” Energy Conversion and Management 2003; 44: 2763–77. [4] Anil Khadse, Prasad Parulekar,Preti Aghalayam,Anuradhha Ganesh, “Equilibrium model for Biomass gasification,” Energy Systems Engineering, IIT Bombay, Powai. [5] B.M. Jenkins, “Combustion properties of biomass,” Fuel Processing Technology 54 1998. 17–46). [6] Basu P, “Biomass gasification and pyrolysis: practical design and theory,” MA, U.S.: Elsevier; 2010. [7] Cengel YA, Boles MA., “Thermodynamics: an engineering approach,” 5th ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2005. [8] Christus Jeya singh, S Joseph sekhar, K.Thyagarajan, “Performance studies on downdraft gasifier with biomass energy sources available in remote villages,” American journal of applied science 11(4):611-622,2014, ISSN : 1546-9239, 2014. [9] Dipal baruah, D.c baruah, “Modeling of biomass gasification review,” Energy reviews 39(2014)806-815. [10] Gopal gautam, “Parametric study of a commercial scale biomass downdraft gasifier: Experiment and equilibrium modelling”, Master’s Thesis, Department of science, University of Auburn, Alabama. [11] Handbook of biomass downdraft gasifier engine system. SERI/SP-271-3022 DE88001135 March 1998 UC category: 245. [12] http://authors.library.caltech.edu/25069/4/AirPollution88-Ch2.pdf. [13] http://bioweb.sungrant.org/nr/rdonlyres/gasification [14] http://direns.mines-paristech.fr/Sites/Thopt/Diap/SE/sessions/C01/Combustion.pdf. [15] http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/gasification [16] http://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~b92073/Ch-3_Chang_Overby_Soln_to_Excercises.pdf. [17] http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0512e/t0512e09.htm. [18] Hua jiang huang, Shri ramaswamy “Modeling biomass gasification using thermodynamic equilibrium approach” Appl biochem biotechnol (2009) 154:193-204 [19] Koroneous C, Lykidou S, “Equilibrium modeling for a downdraft biomass gasifier for cotton stalks biomass in comparison with experimental data,” Journal of chemical engg & materials science vol2 (4) pp 61-68, April 2011. [20] M Echegaray, R Rodriguez, M Rosa Castro, “Equilibrium model of the gasification process of agro industrial wastes for energy production,”. ISSN:2319-5967. [21] M Siedlecki, W D Jong, A Verkooijen, “Fluidized bed gasification as a mature and reliable technology for the production of bio syngas and applied in the production of liquid transportation fuels-A review,” Energies 2011, 4,389-434. [22] M vaezi, M P fard, M Moghiman, M Charmchi, “Modeling biomass gasification: A new approach to utilize renewable sources of energy”, IMECE2008-68707. [23] M.Venkata Ramanan, E. Lakshmanan, R. Sethumadhavan and S. Renganarayanan, “Performance prediction and validation of equilibrium modeling for gasification of cashew nut shell char,” ISSN 0104-6632 Vol. 25, No. 03, pp. 585 - 601, July - September, 2008. [24] P. C. Roy “Modeling and simulation of a regenerative downdraft gasifier.’’ Proceedings of the 4th BSME-ASME International Conference on Thermal Engineering 27-29 December, 2008. [25] P. P. Duttaa, V. Pandeya, A. R. Dasa, S. Sena, D. C. Baruah, “Down Draft Gasification Modeling and Experimentation of Some Indigenous Biomass for Thermal Applications,” Energy Procedia 54 (2014) 21 – 34. [26] Quaak P, Knoef H and Stassen H, “Energy from Biomass,” Washington D.C., 1999. [27] R Jorapur and Rajvanshi “Sugarcane leaf bagasse gasifier for industrial heating applications,” Biomass & bio energy Vol 13 No.3 pp141-146, 1997. [28] Roshan Budhathoki, “Three zone modeling of downdraft biomass gasification: Equilibrium and finite kinetic approach,” Master’s Thesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla. [29] S. A. Channiwala and P. P. Parikh, “A unified correlation for estimating HHV of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels,” Fuel, vol. 81, pp. 1051-1063, 5, 2002. [30] Shrinivasa U. and Mukunda H. S, “Wood gas generators for small power (~5hp) requirements,” Sadhana, Vol. 7, Part 2, July 1984, pp 137-154, India. [31] Zainal ZA. R Ali etc al, “Prediction of performance of a downdraft gasifier using equilibrium modeling for different biomass materials” Energy Converse. Manage.42 (2001)1499-1515.

One of the top technology concept is Cloud Computing. Cloud storage servers plays an important role in the technology buzz – cloud computing where clients can store their data at cloud servers and can access this data from anywhere and anytime. This opens up the threat on the data which client is storing on the cloud as it has to stored and accessed via Internet from any device. Here we came up with data Security which opens up lot of areas like authentication of clients, data integrity check and data privacy preserving. In our proposed work we are going to focus on data integrity area which is concerned about data security. When we consider about data security data auditing is concept of frequently auditing the integrity of the data to make sure that the data is not tampered and it is secured. Most of the times clients offload the auditing process of their data to Third Party Auditors (TPA) who are able to check the validity of the data without actually accessing the data on cloud. When the verification is done by a trusted third party called data auditing in which third party is called an auditor. There are several drawbacks of these techniques. One of the issue arises here is a necessary authentication process is missing between the auditor and cloud service provider it means that anyone can challenge the cloud service provider for a proof of integrity of certain file which puts auditing service at risk. In our work, we provide a legal Study for possible types of fine-grained data updates and suggest a scheme that can fully support authorized auditing and fine-grained update request.

Keywords : Cloud computing, Data security, authorized public auditing, fine-grained updates.

Recent

[1] Yuri Demchenko, Cees de Laat. Defining Architecture Components of the Big Data Ecosystem. [2] D. Zissis and D. Lekkas, ‘‘Addressing Cloud Computing Security Issues,’’ Future Gen. Comput. Syst., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 583-592, Mar. 2011. [3] G. Ateniese, R.D. Pietro, L.V. Mancini, and G. Tsudik, ‘‘Scalable and Efficient Provable Data Possession,’’ in Proc. 4th Int’l Conf. Security and Privacy in Commun. Netw. (SecureComm),2008, pp. 1-10. [4] G. Ateniese, R. Burns, R. Curtmola, J. Herring, O. Khan, L. Kissner, Z. Peterson, and D. Song, ‘‘Remote Data Checking Using Provable Data Possession,’’ ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. Security, vol. 14, no. 1, May 2011, Article 12. [5] G.Ateniese, R.B. Johns,R. Curtmola, J.Herring, L. Kissner,Z. Peterson and D. Song, ‘‘Provable Data Possession at Untrusted Stores,’’ in Proc. 14th ACM Conf. on Comput. and Commun. Security (CCS), 2007, pp. 598-609. [6] A. Juels and B.S. Kaliski Jr., ‘‘PORs: Proofs of Retrievability for Large Files,’’ in Proc. 14th ACM Conf. on Comput. and Commun. Security (CCS), 2007, pp. 584-597. [7] H. Shacham and B. Waters, ‘‘Compact Proofs of Retrievability,’’ in Proc. 14th Int’l Conf. on Theory and Appl. of Cryptol. And Inf. Security (ASIACRYPT), 2008, pp. 90-107. [8] S. Nepal, S. Chen, J. Yao, and D. Thilakanathan, ‘‘DIaaS: Data Integrity as a Service in the Cloud,’’ in Proc. 4th Int’l Conf. on Cloud Computing (IEEE CLOUD), 2011, pp. 308-315. [9] Y. He, S. Barman, and J.F. Naughton, ‘‘Preventing Equivalence Attacks in Updated, Anonymized Data,’’ in Proc. 27th IEEE Int’l Conf. on Data Engineering (ICDE), 2011, pp. 529-540. [10] E. Naone, ‘‘What Twitter Learns from All Those Tweets,’’ in Technology Review, Sept. 2010, accessed on: March 25, 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www.technologyreview.com/view/420968/what-twitter-learns-from-all-those tweets/ [11] X. Zhang, L.T. Yang, C. Liu, and J. Chen, ‘‘A Scalable Two-Phase Top-Down Specialization Approach for Data Anonymization Using MapReduce on Cloud,’’ IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 363-373, Feb. 2014. [12] S.E. Schmidt, ‘‘Security and Privacy in the AWS Cloud,’’ presented at the Presentation Amazon Summit Australia, Sydney, Australia, May 2012, accessed on: March 25, 2013. [Online]. Available: http://aws.amazon.com/apac/awssummit-au/.

The goal of this paper is to provide the basic fundamentals of hot gas plastic welding technique. Use of polymers in industries is increasing in order to reduce overall weight of products. Polymers are generally joined by mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding and welding. This article shows that welding of polymers is still a growing research and development area particularly hot gas welding technique because of increasing aspiration for environment friendly technologies and light weight material. This review will be beneficial for young researchers working in this area and this technique opens the door for further investigation for improving weld quality.

Keywords : P.V.C., Hot gas welding, Plastic, Temperature, Joining.

Recent

[1] Vijay Kumar, M.I. Khan Development of Welding Procedure for Rigid P.V.C. Plastic by Hot Air Technique. [2] Empirical modelling relating weld current of hot air and welding speed to stiffness of hot air welded P.V.C plastic. By “Mahmood Alam, Reyaz Ur Rehman and Mohd. Suhail. (ijtra) – Volume 2 issue 1, Jan-Feb 2015. [3] State- Of- The Art in rigid P.V.C plastic welding by hot air technique. By “Mahmood Alam, Dr M.I. Khan. (ijtra) – Volume 1, issue 2 May-June 2013. [4] Study and Empirical Modelling Relating Welding Parameters and Tensile Strength of Hot Air Welded PVC Plastics. By “Mahmood Alam, Dr Shahnawaz Alam, Kamran Rasheed. (ijtra)- Vol. 2 issue 2, February 2015. [5] M. Rojek a, J. Stabik a, *, G. Muzia. Thermography in Plastics Welding Processes assessment VOLUME 41 ISSUES 1-2 July- August 2010 [6] Thomas H.North and Geetha Ramarathnam, University of Toranto Welding of Plastics. [7] O. Balkan a, *, H. Demirer b, H. Yildirim c Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Hot Gas Welded PE, PP and PVC sheets VOLUME 31 ISSUES 1 November 2008. [8] W. S. Alley/ P. N. Baker Chapter-2 Joining and Assembly of Plastics, Volume-2 Identification, Testing and Recycling of Plastics, Handbook of plastic technology. [9] Thermally Bonded PVC seams Phase 1 “State- Of- The- Art & Preliminary Welding windows Tri/Environmental, INC, A Texas research international company. [10] D. Grewell. A. Benatar Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering. Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA Welding of plastic: Fundamentals and New developments. [11] James D. Van de Ven, Arthur G Erdman, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55455, Hot Pin Welding of Thin Poly (vinyl Chloride) sheet. [12] Joining of plastics and composites –Mladen Sercer, university of Zagreb, Croatia. Pero Roas, University of Osijek, Croatia. [13] American plastic welding technologies, Hot Air Welding Guide for Plastic Repairs www.bak-ag.com [14] A text book of Welding Technology O. P. Khanna. [15] R.P. Wool, Molecular aspects of tack, Rubber chemistry and technology 57/2 (1982) 307-319. [16] Guide Line for Welding Thermoplastic Materials (Hot gas hand and hot gas extrusion welding), WEGENER WELDING EXPERTS, www.wegenerwelding.com. [17] Md Shakibul Haque, Inayat Hussain, Athar Hussain and Mohd Anees Siddiqui, An Experimental Analysis to Determine the Effects of WeldingParameters on Tensile Strength of Hot Air Welded Poly VinylChloride (PVC) Plastic, Samridhi -JPSET: Vol. 7, Issue 2, ISSN: 2229-7111 (Print) & ISSN: 2454-5767 (Online). [18] Md Shakibul Haque, Inayat Hussain, Proff.(Dr.) Athar Hussain, Mohd Anees Siddiqui, Proff.(Dr.) Mohd. Ibrahim Khan, Study and Experimental Modelling of Welding Parameters on Hardness of Hot Air Welded Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic, IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 3, Issue 10, 2015 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613 [19] Md Shakibul Haque, Inayat Hussain, Gaurav Agarwal, Khwaja Moeed, Mohd Anees Siddiqui, Experimental Analysis of Mechanical Behaviour of Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic Welded through the Fabricated Experimental Set-up for Hot Air Welding, IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 3, Issue 11, 2016 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613 [20] Md Shakibul Haque, Manoj Kumar, Adnan Khan, Hot Gas Welding of Plastic: Fundamentals & Importance, IJST Vol. 8 issue 4, December 2015 Edition (Printed: ISSN 0973-8940Online: ISSN 2454-762X)

Proposed work basically depend on two systems By Eye control :This is a method to guide and control the wheelchair for disabled people based on movement of eye. This concept can be used for people with loco-motor disabilities. The proposed system involvesthree stages: image detection, image processing and sending of control signals to wheelchair. The eye movement is detected using a head mounted camera. The corresponding output signals are then send to the motor driving circuit which will control the motor actions. By Voice control : Electronic system configuration, a sensor system, a dependent-user recognition voice system has been plannedin this wheelchair. In this way we have obtained a wheelchair which can be driven with using voice commands and with the possibility of avoiding obstacles and downstairs or hole detection. The wheelchair has also been developed to allow autonomous driving (for example, following walls). nical model, control (low level control, control by voice commands), voice recognition and autonomous control are considered.

Keywords : Eye Controlling Section,Voice Controlling Section,Obstacle Detector,Arm Controller,IR Pair,Eye Sensor,Voice Recognisation Unit

Recent

[1] Neena Mani, AbySebastian, ″Eye Controlled Electric Wheel Chair″, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 4, Issue 4, April 2015 [2] GundaGautam, GundaSumanth,″ Eye Movement Based Electronic Wheel Chair For Physically Challenged Persons, ″ International Journal Of Scientific & Technology Research Volume 3, Issue 2, February 2014 [3] KoheiArai, RonnyMardiyanto,″ Eyes Based Eletric Wheel Chair Control System″, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, [4] Manuel Mazo, Francisco J. Rodriguez, ″ Wheelchair for Physically Disabled People with Voice, Ultrasonic and Infrared Sensor Control″,Autonomous Robots, 2, 203-224 (1995) @ 1995 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston. Manufactured in The Netherlands. [5] Han NilarHtay 1, HlaMyoTun 2, ″Implementation of Directional Control System for Autonomous Robot Based on Voice Command Controller″, International Journal of Electronics and Computer Science Engineering 219 Available Online at www.ijecse.org ISSN- 2277-1956

The harvesting of ambient energy to power small electronic components has received tremendous attention over the last decade. The research goal in this field is to enable self-powered electronic components for use particularly in wireless sensing and measurement. Thermal energy due to temperature gradients, solar energy and ambient vibrations constitute some of the major sources of energy that can be harvested. The process of extracting energy from the surrounding environment is termed as energy harvesting. There are various forms of energy that can be scavenged, like thermal, mechanical, solar, acoustic, wind, and RF-wave

Keywords : Photovoltaic cells, piezo electric, peltier cells, boost converter, Thermo-Electric Generator

Recent

[1] Amirtharajah R and Chandrakasan A P, “Self-powered low power signal processing,” IEEE Symposium, VLSI Circuit Digest of Technical Papers, 1997, pp. 25–26. [2] N. M. Din, C. K. Chakrabarty, A. Bin Ismail, K. K. A. Devi and W.Y. Chen, “Design of RF Energy Harvesting System for Energizing Low Power Devices”, Progress in Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 132, 49{69, 2012 [3] D. Bouchouicha, F. Dupont, M. Latrach, L.Ventura, “Ambient RF Energy Harvesting”, International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality (ICREPQ’10) Granada (Spain), 23th to 25th March, 2010 [4] Abdul Fathah, “Design of a Boost Converter”, National Institute of Technology Rourkela-769008 (ODISHA) June-2013 [5] Yamuna. M. B, K. Shanmukha Sundar, “Design of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting and Storage Devices”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering an ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 3, Issue 8, August 2014 [6] A. Jacks delightus peter, Balaji.D, D.Gowrishankar Waste heat energy harvesting using thermo electric generator IOSR Journal of Engineering(IOSRJEN) e-ISSN: 2250-3021, p-ISSN: 2278-8719 Vol. 3, Issue 7 (July. 2013), ||V2 || PP 01-04 [7] Arrawatia, M., Kumar, M., Kumar, G., ―RF Energy Harvesting System from Cell Towers in Mumbai‖. Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, 2008 [8] Miles R W, Hynes K M and Forbes I 2005 Photovoltaic solar Cells: an overview of state-of-the-art cell development and environmental issues Prog. Cryst. Growth Charact. Mater. [9] H-Y. Tang et. al., " A Fully Electrical Startup Battery-less Boost Converter withz 50mV Input Voltage for Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting,” IEEE Symp. VLSI, pp. 196-197, June 2012. [10] Y. K. Ramadass and A. P. Chandrakasan, “A Battery less Energy-Harvesting Interface Circuit with 35mV Startup Voltage,” IEEE ISSCC Dig. Tech. Papers, pp. 486-487, Feb 2010.

Optimum utilization of Electrical Energy on board an aircraft is a major concern because the aircraft technology is advancing more towards an electrically optimized aircraft. The major objective of More Electric Aircraft is that it basically uses Electrical Energy instead of conventional mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic energy. This improves the response time of the systems on aircraft to a considerable extent and also reduces weight of the aircraft. This Paper shows how Regenerative Energy on a MEA can be used in an efficient manner rather than wasting it as Heat on damping resistors which is a norm today. Control surfaces like Flaps, Ailerons, Rudder etc of the aircraft are potential regenerative energy areas which can be exploited to utilize this energy in a more energy efficient manner. In MEA Electromechanical (EMA) or Electro-hydraulic (EHA) actuators are used to actuate these control surfaces which allow bidirectional flow of power and hence giving an opportunity to harvest regenerative energy. In this paper an EMA is used which consists of dc-dc H bridge Converter, DC Motor, Rotational to Translational Interface and Aileron to show how regenerative power can be utilized with the help of Energy Storage Systems ESS.The simulation is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink and the results are presented.

Keywords : Regenerative Power

Recent

[1] C. Schallert, A Pfeiffer, and J.Bals, "Generator power optimization for a more-electric aircraft by use of a virtual iron bird," 25TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE AERONAUTICAL SCIENCES, 2006. [2] M. E. Elbuluk, M. D. Kankam, "Motor Drive Technologies for the Power-by-Wire (PBW) Program: Options, Trends, and Tradeoffs," Proceedings of the IEEE 1995 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference, NAECON'95, pp. 511-522. [3] M. L. Maldonado, N. M. Shah, K. J. Cleek, P. S. Walia, G. Korba, "Power Management and Distribution System for a More Electric Aircraft (MADMEL) - Program Status," Proceedings of the 31 st Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, 1996, pp.148- 153. [4] R. A Smith, H. J. Van Hom, 'The J/IST of Improving JSF," Aerospace America, November 1997, pp. 20-22. [5] J. A Weimer, "Power Management and Distribution for the More Electric Aircraft," Proceedings of the 30th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, 1995, pp. 273-277. [6] "MIL-STD-704E. Aircraft Electric Power Characteristics." Military standard. [7] Wenz hong Cao, "Performance comparison of a fuel cell-battery hybrid powertrain and a fuel cell ultra-capacitor hybrid powertrain", IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vo1.54, No.3, May 2005, Page(s):846 855 [8] L.Solero, ALidozzi, J.A.Pomilio, "Design of mUltiple-input power converter for hybrid vehicles", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, VoI.20,No.5, Sep 2005, pp.1007-1016 [9] H.Tao, AKotsopoulos, J.L.Duarte, M.A.M.Hendrix " A soft-switched three-port bidirectional converter for fuel cell supercapacitor application", in Proc. IEEE PESC'05,2005, pp. 2487-2493 [10] Fang Z.Peng, Hui Li, Gui-jia Su, J.Lawler, "A new ZVS bidirectional dc-dc converter for fuel cell and battery applications", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, VoU 9,No.3,May 2004, pp.666-675

Present era is the era of concrete because it is highly demanded material today. The basic raw materials for concrete are cement, sand and coarse aggregate. Due to depletion of natural rivers it is required to use other material than sand being used as fine aggregates. In this experimental study an attempt will be made to find the effect of partial replacement of Fine aggregate by Quarry Dust and Cement by Flyash. The innovative use of Quarry Dust in concrete formulations as a fine aggregate replacement in the range of 0%, 15%, 30% & 45% by weight for M-40 grade cement (PPC). Fly ash is also used as partial replacement of cement in the same proportion. The specimen is produced and tested as an alternative to traditional concrete in terms of strength and durability aspects. The experimental investigation is concern to know the behavior, mechanical properties and durability aspects of concrete

Keywords : Concrete, Quarry dust, Fly ash, Compressive strength, Acid Attack test, Sodium chloride test.

Recent

[1] M. Vaishnavi, M. Kanta Rao, “Durability of High Volume Fly Ash Concrete”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) Vol. 3 Issue 8, August – 2014 [2] A.Aielstein Rozario, Dr.C.Freeda Christy, “Experimental Studies on Effects of Sulphate Resistance on Self-Curing Concrete”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) Vol. 2 Issue 4, April – 2013 [3] Dr. P.B.Sakthivel, C.Ramya, “An Innovative Method of Replacing River Sand by Quarry Dust Waste in Concrete for Sustainability”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 4, Issue 5, May-2013 [4] M. P. Karthik Dr. V. Sreevidya, “Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete” IJSR - International Journal of Scientific Research, Volume: 4, Issue: 7 July 2015 [5] IJ. Karthick, IIT.Rama,” An Experimental Study on Usage of Quarry Rock Dust as Partial Replacement for Sand in Concrete”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Education Technology (IJARET) Vol. 1, Issue 1 (July - Sept. 2014) [6] R. Ilangovana, N. Mahendran, “Strength and Durability Properties of Concrete Containing Quarry Rock Dust as Fine Aggregate” ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, VOL. 3, NO. 5, October 2008 [7] Avancha Sri Sowmya, K. Sundara Kumar, “Studies On Strength Characteristics of Concrete with Metakoalin as an Admixture”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 02 Issue: 09, Dec-2015 [8] G.Balamurugan, Dr.P.Perumal, “Use of Quarry Dust to Replace Sand in Concrete –An Experimental Study”, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 12, December 2013 [9] Chandana Sukesh, Katakam Bala Krishna, “Partial Replacement of Sand with Quarry Dust in Concrete”, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-2, Issue-6, May 2013 [10] Anzar Hamid, “Improved Concrete Properties Using Quarry Dust as Replacement for Natural Sand”, Mir International Journal of Engineering Research and Development Volume 11, Issue 03 (March 2015), PP.46-52 [11] C.Dhanalaxmi, Dr. K. Nirmalkumar,” Study On Durability Properties of limestone Powder Concrete Incorporated with Steel Fibres”, International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science, Volume No.03, Issue No. 05, May 2015 [12] Anitha selva sofia S.D., Gayathri R.,” Experimental Investigation On Quarry Dust Concrete with Chemical Admixture”, International Journal of Latest Research in Science and Technology, Volume 2, Issue 2: Page No.91-94, March - April (2013) [13] M S SHETTY “CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY” Text book

Homogeneous charge compression ignition is new combustion concept, which is used to reduce the emissions and improve the engine performance parameters. HCCI combustion technology reduces the NOx emissions significantly in the diesel engine. Homogeneous mixture inside the combustion chamber helps to reduce exhaust gas temperature and NOx emissions. Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is also one of the well-known technique used in diesel engine to reduce the NOx emissions. In EGR some amount of exhaust gas in recirculated in the engine cylinder after passing through the EGR cooler. This experiment’s objective is to analyze the working of a single cylinder diesel engine under HCCI combustion mode with Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) using bio fuels, widely available from the agricultural wastes. The engine is run at its conventional mode and at HCCI mode with both Diesel-Bio fuel HCCI. The HCCI mode of engine operation involves different percentage of HCCI as 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and observations carried out. Partially cooled exhaust gas is introduced with different rate as 10%, 15% and 20%. Combination of these two technologies reduces the emissions and improve the engine performance parameters significantly. Finally study is carried out on effect of EGR on HCCI engine using bio fuel. The optimum emissions are obtained at 20% EGR and 30% HCCI. The efficiency tends to be higher for HCCI engine compared to conventional diesel engine.

Keywords : Diesel HCCI, EGR, Diesel vaporizer, Diesel Engine, Performance and Exhaust Emission ANALYSE

Recent

[1] Hua Zhao, HCCI and CAI engine for the automobile industry, Woodhead publishing Ltd. Cambridge England,2007, page no.3-7. [2] Diesel emission and their control W. Addy Majewski and Magdi K Khair. SAE international 2006, page no. 105-116.S S Thepse Alternative fuel concepts, Technology and Development JAICO publication house, INDIA, page no. 204-208. [3] Jaffar Hussain, K. Palaniradja, N. Alagumurthi, R. Manimaran present on “Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) on Performance and Emission characteristics of a Three Cylinder Direct Injection Compression Ignition Engine.” Alexandria Engineering Journal, (2012)51, Page no.241–247 [4] Lei Shi_, Yi Cui, Kangyao Deng, Haiyong Peng, Yuanyuan Chen present on “Study of low emission homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine using combined internal and external exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).” Elsevier, Energy 31 ,2006, page no. 2665–2676. [5] M. Ghazikhani, M. R. Kalateh, Y. K. Toroghi, and M. Dehnavi present on “An Experimental Study on the Effect of EGR and Engine Speed on CO and HC Emissions of Dual Fuel HCCI.”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 52, 2009. [6] C N Pratheeba and Preeti Aghalayam present on “Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation in NOx control for Compression Ignition and Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition engines.”, Elsevier Ltd. Energy Procedia 66, 2015, page no. 25 – 28. [7] Chung Hwan Oha, Narankhuu Jamsrana, Ock Taeck Limb present on “A numerical investigation about the EGR effect under the condition of boost pressure on HCCI auto ignition.” Elsevier Ltd., Energy Procedia 68 ,2015, page no. 398 – 408. [8] P. V. Ramana, Dr. D. Maheswar, Dr. B. UmaMaheswar Gowd present on “Effect of EGR on HCCI engine with hydrogen as a fuel.” International Journal of Advanced Research, Vol. 2 | No. 1 | January 2013. [9] Dae Sik Kim, Chang Sik Lee (2005) present on “Improved emission characteristics of HCCI engine by various premixed fuels and cooled EGR.” Elsevier Ltd, Fuel 85, 2006, page no. 695–704. [10] Morteza Fathi, R. Khoshbakhti Saray, M. David Checkel (2011) present on “The influence of Exhaust gas recirculation on combustion and emissions of n-heptane/natural gas fuled homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine.” Elsevier Ltd., Applied Energy 88,2011, page no. 4719–4724. [11] M Nakano, Y Mandokoro, S Kubo and S Yamazaki present on “Effect of exhaust gas recirculation in homogeneous charge compression ignition engine.” Int J Engine Research Vol 1 no. 3, JER 01100, page no. 269-279. [12] Alireza Rahbari, Ahmad Afsari, Bamdad Barari & Iman Rostamsowlat present on “Theoretical investigation over the effects of EGR, Fuel reforming and compression ratio on the HCCI engine operation fueled with ethanol.” Global Journal of researches in engineering Mechanical and mechanics engineering, Volume 12 Issue 2 Version 1.0, March.

Wireless networking is an emerging technology that will allow users toaccess information and services regardless of their geographicposition. In contrast to infrastructure based networks, in wirelessad hoc networks, all nodes are mobile and can be connected dynamicallyin an arbitrary manner. All nodes of these networks behave as routersand take part in discovery and maintenance of routes to other nodes inthe network. This feature presents a great challenge to the design ofa routing scheme since link bandwidth is very limited and the networktopology changes as users roam. This thesis investigates the behaviour of existing traditional routing algorithms and proposes a new routingapproach for ad hoc wireless networks. Proposed algorithm uses multiand alternate path concept on the basis of transmission and receivingpower

Keywords : VANET, ROUTING PROTOCOLS

Recent

[1] Chakkaphong Suthaputchakun and Zhili Sun,” Routing Protocol in Intervehicle Communication Systems: A Survey” IEEE Communications Magazine December 2011 [2] Ms. Bhagyashri Pete,” Continuous Connectivity Aware Routing in VANET Using Hybrid Protocol” IEEE sponsored 2ND international conference on electronics and communication system (ICECS 2015). [3] Qing Yang and Alvin Lim,” Connectivity Aware Routing in Vehicular Networks”, WCNC 2008 proceedings. [4] W.N. Wahidah Hashim,” A New Hop-Count and Node-Degree Based Routing Protocol for Vehicular ad-Hoc Networks(VANETs)”2013 IEEE 11th Malaysia International Conference on Communications,26th-28th November 2013, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [5] Yufeng Chen,”An Adaptive Cross-Layer Multi-Path Routing Protocol for Urban VANET”, Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics August 16-20 2010, Hong Kong and Macau [6] Omar Sami Oubbati, "IRTIV: Intelligent Routing protocol using real time Traffic Information in urban Vehicular environment," 2014 IEEE.

In the contemporary systems of communication, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become one of the most up-and-coming trends. In the design of WSNs, routing is of utmost importance. Several commonly used routing metrics include the minimum hop, minimum energy consumed per packet, ,maximum energy capacity, maximum minimum energy capacity, maximum time required to partition the network, minimum variance in the power level of the node, the quality of service(QoS) and the robustness.

Keywords : SHORTEST PATH ROUTING, SENSOR NODE

Recent

[1] Pritam Khan, Gargi Konar, Niladri Chakraborty, “Modification of Floyd-Warshall’s Algorithm for Shortest Path Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks,”, In the proceedings of IEEE 2014 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON) [2] Sami Alwakeel, Agung Prasetijo, and Najla Alnabhan, “An Adaptive Energy-Saving Routing Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks”, In the proceedings of IEEE 1st International Conference on Electrical and Information Technologies ICEIT’2015 [3] Nandkumar Kulkarni, Neeli Rashrni Prasad, Ramjee Prasad, “G-MOHRA: Green Multi-Objective Hybrid Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks”, 2014 IEEE [4] Zhi Hu 1,2, Ying-you Wen 1,2, Hong Zhao 1,2, “A Secure Routing Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks”, In the proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Advanced Research and Technology in Industry Applications (WARTIA) 2014 [5] K S Shivaprakasha, Muralidhar Kulkarni,” Energy Efficient Shortest Path Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks”,In the proceedings of 2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Systems. [6] Kamil Samara, Hossein Hosseini, “A Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Reliable Delivery of Data”, In the proceeding of 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Data Intensive Systems [7] Prantik Biswas, Abhisek Paul, Paritosh Bhattacharya, “Generating Spanning Tree of Non-Regular Graphic Sequences Through a Variant of Prim’s Algorithm”, 2015 IEEE International Conference on Circuit, Power and Computing Technologies [ICCPCT] [8] Akinniyi Ojo, Ngok-Wa Ma, Isaac Woungang, “Modified Floyd-Warshall Algorithm for Equal Cost Multipath in Software-Defined Data Center”, In the proceedings of IEEE ICC 2015 - Workshop on Advances in Software Defined and Context Aware Cognitive Networks 2015 (IEEE SCAN-2015) [9] Monjur Ahmed, “Handshaking Problem Associated with Addressing Scheme for the nodes in Wireless Sensor Network”, In the proceedings of International Journal of Advancements in Research and Technology 2012. [10] Pritam Khan, Gargi Konar, Niladri Chakraborty, Arnab Ghosh “Temperature and Humidity Monitoring through Wireless Sensor Network using Shortest Path Algorithm” In the proceedings of IEEE 2014 International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, Energy & Communication(CIEC) [11] Nitika Vats Doohan, Durgesh Kumar Mishra, Sanjiv Tokekat, “Shortest Path Routing Protocol (Sprp) For Highly Data Centric Wireless Sensor Networks” 2011 IEEE.

Image completion means, Restoring the lost part of an image by using available information from the remaining parts of the image itself, it is otherwise called as Image inpainting. There are a number of applications for inpainting, they varies from the restoration of damaged paintings and photographs to the removal/replacement of selected objects. In this paper, we present an algorithm that enhances and extends a previously proposed algorithm and it provides faster inpainting. Using our approach, one can use this to inpaint large regions (e.g. to remove an object etc.) as well as it is used to recover small portions (e.g. restore a photograph by removing cracks etc.). The inpainting method is based on the exemplar based approach. The basic idea behind this approach is to find exemplars (i.e. patches) from the image and replace the lost data with it. This technique can be used for the restoration of damaged photographs or damaged film. In contrast with previous approaches, the technique here introduced has an advantage. That is, it does not require the user to specify where the novel information comes from. This is automatically done (and in a fast way), thereby it allows the system to simultaneously fill-in numerous regions which contain completely different structures and surrounding backgrounds. This paper looks forward to improve the algorithm so that the computational complexity is further improved while retaining the quality of inpainting. Here the inpainting algorithm presented here is not meant to be used for inpainting images, but for videos also. We are also investing methods to improve this algorithm to make it more robust so that it can be used with videos in this paper itself.

Keywords : Image Inpainting, Isophotes, Priority term, Source Region, Target Region, Video Inpainting

Recent

[1] A.Criminisi, P.Perez and K.Toyama, Region filling and object removal by Exemplar-based image inpainting, Microsoft research, Cambridge (UK) and Redmond (US) [2] Neevan R, Anil Kumar A, Image completion: An Exemplar Based Method, Dept. of computer science, College of Engineering Karunagappally [3] Vaidehi Chhajer, Deepan Gupta, Supervisor: Dr. C. V. Jawahar, A Non-Local MRF Model for Heritage Architectural Image Completion, International Institute of Information Technology – Hyderabad. [4] Nikos Komodakis, Georgios Tziritas, Image Completion Using Efficient Belief Propagation via Priority Scheduling and Dynamic Pruning, University of Crete, Computer Science Department, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion, Greece. [5] M. Bertalmio, G. Saprio, V. Caselles, and C. Ballester, (2000) “Image Inpainting,” Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive technique, 417424. [6] M. Bertalm´io, L. A. Vese, G. Sapiro, and S. Osher, “Simultaneous Structure and texture image inpainting.” in CVPR (2), 2003, pp. 707–712. [7] T. Chan and J. Shen, “Non-texture inpainting by curvature-driven Diffusions,” J. Visual Comm. Image Rep., vol. 12(4), pp. 436–449,2001.

In the present scenario, the efficiency of a power system depends on how a fault is accurately detected and classified, so that quick restoration and maintenance of power is accomplished. Fault detection, fault classification, needs to be performed using a fast and responsive algorithm at different levels of a power system. Effect of factors such as fault impedance, fault inception angle (FIA), and fault distance, which cause disturbances in power line can be analyzed by Wavelet based multi resolution analysis (MRA). This paper proposed, a fault detection and classification technique using MRA based on wavelet transform. The present paper also deals with the exploration of advantages and problems related with the proposed fault detection and classification technique. The method of fault detection and classification proposed in this work is based on the three-phase current and voltage waveforms measured during the occurrence of fault in the power transmission-line. The technique proposed in this paper, is verified using MATLAB/Simulink software and the obtained results shows that the wavelet based MRA is a good tool for detection and classification of faults. However it is also shown that the most critical problem related to this technique is the selection of appropriate threshold values for all the three phases. It has been also shown that this technique requires expert hands and knowledge of the system for the selection of proper threshold value.

Keywords : Transmission line, fault detection and classification, wavelet feature, multi-resolution analysis.

Recent

[1] M. Jayabharata Reddy, and D.K. Mohanta, “A wavelet-fuzzy combined approach for classification and location of transmission line faults “,International journal of Electrical Power and Energy system, Volume 29, Issue 9, pp 669-678, November 2007. [2] Omar AS,” Combined fuzzy-logic wavelet-based fault classification technique for power system relaying”, IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery, Vol.19, No. 2, pp.582-589, July 2004. [3] Biswarup Das and J.Vittal Reddy, “Fuzzy-Logic-Based Fault classification “, IEEE Trans. On power Delivery, Vol.20, No.2, pp 609-616, April, 2005. [4] M. M. Tawfik and M. M. Morcos, “ANN-Based Techniques for Estimating Fault Location on Transmission Lines using Prony Method”, IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 219-224, April 2001. [5] Gopalakrishnan, M. Kezunovic, S. M. Mckenna, D. M. Hamai,”Fault Location using the Distributed Parameter Transmission Line Model”, IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery, Vol. 15, pp. 1169-1174, October, 2000. [6] D. Chanda, N. K. Kishore, A. K. Sinha, “A Wavelet Multi resolution Analysis for Location of Faults on Transmission Lines”, Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 25, pp.59-69, October, 2003. [7] H. Osman and O. P. Malik, “Protection of Parallel Transmission Lines using Wavelet Transform”, IEEE Transactions On Power Delivery, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 49-55, October, 2004. [8] Ferrero A, Sangiovanni S, Zappitelli E, “ A fuzzy-set approach to fault type identification in digital relaying”, IEEE Trans. On Power Delivery, Vol. 10, No.1, pp. 169-175, July, 2003. [9] M. Jaya Bharata Reddy, D. K. Mohanta and B. M. Karan, “Power System Disturbance Recognition using Wavelet and S-Transform Techniques”, International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Vol. 1, Issue. 2, pp. 1-16, October, 2004. [10] “Wavelet Toolbox Users Guide” by the Math Works, http//:www.mathworks.com, 2006. [11] Z. Y. He, X. Q. Chen and G. M. Luo, “Wavelet entropy measure definition and its application for transmission line fault detection and identification (part I: Definition and methodology),” in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Power System Technology, Oct. 2006, pp. 1–6. [12] Zhengyou He, Ling Fu, Sheng Lin, and Zhiqian Bo, “Fault Detection and Classification in EHV Transmission Line Based on Wavelet Singular Entropy”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol.25, No.4, October 2010. [13] O. A. S. Youssef, “Combined fuzzy-logic wavelet-based fault classification technique for power system relaying,” IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 582–589, Apr. 2004. [14] V. C. Klema and A. J. Laub, “The singular value decomposition: Its computation and some applications,” IEEE Trans. Autom. Control, vol. AC- 25, no. 2, pp. 164–176, Apr. 1980. [15] J. Cadzow, “SVD representation of unitarily invariant matrices,” IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech Signal Process., vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 512–516, Jun. 1984. [16] C. E. Shannon, “A mathematical theory of communication,” Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 27, pp. 379–423, 623–656, Jul., Oct. 1948. [17] S. G. Mallat, “A theory for multi-resolution signal decomposition: The wavelet representation,” IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 674–693, Jul. 1989. [18] Fernando H. Magnago and Ali Abur, “Fault Location Using Wavelets” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 13, No. 4, October 1998. [19] K. M. Silva, B. A. Souza, and N. S. D. Brito, ‘‘Fault detection and classification in transmission lines based on wavelet transform and ANN,’’ IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 2058--2063, Oct. 2006.

The communication of always–on has tremendous implications with people to interact socially. In particular sociologists are interested in the question if such pervasive access increases or decreases face-to-face interaction. As face-to-face communication happens when people are close enough to have conversation in a convenient way. Existing approaches used such as GPS and Wi-Fi triangulation are more complicated to find accurate proximity location and it insufficient to meet the requirements of flexibility and accuracy. Nowadays the Bluetooth which is commonly available on most modern Smartphone provides a compelling alternative for proximity estimation. In this paper, through experimental studies we demonstrate the efficiency of Bluetooth for this exact purpose. We propose a proximity estimation model to determine the distance based on the RSSI values of Bluetooth and light sensor data in different environments. We present several real world scenarios and explore Bluetooth proximity estimation on Android with respect to accuracy and power consumption.

Keywords : Bluetooth,RSSI,proximity estimation model

Recent

[1] Shu Liu, Yingxin Jiang, and Aaron Striegel, “Face-to-Face Proximity Estimation Using Bluetooth On Smartphones” IEEE Transactions On Mobile Computing, Vol. 13, No. 4, April 2014. [2] P. Nathan Eagle and D. Lazer, ―Inferring social network structure using mobile phone data,‖ Proc. of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), vol. 106, no. 36, pp. 15 274–15 278, September 2009. [3] R. Want, A. Hopper, V. Falc~ao, and J. Gibbons, ―The Active Badge Location System,‖ ACM Trans. Information Systems, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 91-102, 1992. [4] C.Baouche,A.Freitas,and M. Misson, ―Radio Proximity Detection in a WSN to Localize Mobile Entities within a Confined Area,‖ J. Comm., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 232-240, 2009. [5] G. Treu and A. K€upper, ―Efficient Proximity Detection for Location Based Services,‖ Proc. Workshop Positioning, Navigation and Comm. (WPNC ’05), 2005. [6] M. Bilgi, M. YuSksel, and N. Pala, ―3-D Optical Wireless Localization,‖ Proc. IEEE GlobeCom, pp. 1062-1066, 2010. [7] A. Mitra, ―Digital Communications: From E-mail to the Cyber Community‖. Chelsea House Publications, 2010. [8] Mr.C. Balakrishnan, Mr.S. Rajkiran- ―On-Time Proximity Estimation Using Bluetooth‖ IJSR - International Journal Of Scientific Research Volume 4, Issue 5 May 2015.

This work proposes a non- isolated high voltage gain DC-DC converter based on three state switching cell and voltage multiplier cell. The no of multiplier cell implemented in this proposed circuit is 5.As the value of the voltage gain obtained can be varied by changing the no of multiplier cells & duty cycle a Non –isolated DC-DC converter based on 3SSC and 3VMC is simulated which precedes the simulation of 3SSC and 5VMC. The simulation is carried out using MATLAB software. To validate the work carried out using Matlab Simulink a hardware prototype of the converter is also presented in this work. The behavior of the converter is analyzed through an extensive theoretical and practical analysis. The analyzed converter can be applied in varied applications requiring a high gain boost stage with cascaded inverters in renewable energy systems.

Keywords : Boost Converters, Dc – Dc Converters, High Voltage Gain, voltage Multiplier Cells (VMCS) 3ssc- Three State Switching Cell

Recent

[1] J. Riatsch, “Modulintegriertes Umrichtersystem für die Netzanbindung einer einzelnen großflächigen Niederspannung- Solarzelle“, P.H.D. Thesis, Zürich: 2001 [2] R.A.da Camara, C.M. T. Cruz, and R.P. Torrico-Bascope, “Boost Based on three state switching cells for UPS app- Lications, ” in Proc Brazilian Power electron .Conf. pp 313 318 2009 [3] K.Hirachi, M. Yamanaka, K. Kajiyama, and S. Isokane, “Circuit Configuration of bidirectional DC/DC converter specific for small Scale load leveling system,” in Proc.IEE Power Conf., Apr. 2002 vol,2, pp. 603-609 [4] Q.Zhao and F.C Lee, “High efficiency, high step up DC-DCConverters,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron ., .vol 18 , no 1 pp 67-53 2003 [5] T. J. Liang and K.C. Tseng, “Analysis of integrated boost Flyback step up converter,” in Proc. IEE Electr. Power Appl , Mar.2005, vol.152, no 2, pp, 2217-225 [6] B. Axelrod, Y. Berkovich and A. Ioinovici, “Switched coupled inductor cell for DC-DC converters with very large conversion ratio,” IEEE Int. Conf (IECON) , pp. 2366-2371, Nov 2009 [7] M.S. Makowski, “Realizability conditions and bounds on synthesis of switched –capacitor dc-dc voltage multiplier cells,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I. Fundam. Theory Appl vol. 44,no.8 pp. 684-691, Aug. 1997 [8] O.C Mak, Y.C. Wong, and A. Ioinovici, “Step-up DC- power supply based on a switched – capacitor circuit,” IEEE Trans. Ind , Electron., vol.42, no. 1, pp. 90-97, Feb 2009 [9] O. Abutbul, A. Gherlitz, Y. Berkovich , and A. Ioinovici,“Step up switching –mode converter with high voltage gain using a switched capacitor circuit,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Systm,-1 vol-50, no.8 pp. 1098-1102,Aug. 2003 [10] L.Huber and M. M Jovanovic, “ A design approach forserver power supplies for networking,” in Proc . Appl. Power Electron. Conf. Expo., 2000. pp. 1163-1169